| QPRD | Quality Planning Requirements Document | In English | → Quality management |
| QPRH | Quality Planning Requirements Handbook | In English | → Quality management |
| QPS | Quantity Planning Specification | In English | |
| QPSD | Quality and Productivity Systems Division | In English | → Quality management |
| QPSK | Quadrature Phase Shift Key | In English | |
| QQPRI | Qualitative, Quantitative & Personnel Requirements | In English | |
| QR | Quarterly Review of Historical Studies | In English | → Serial publications, periodicals → History |
| QRBio | Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics | In English | → Serial publications, periodicals → Biochemistry, biophysics |
| QRE | Quick-Reaction Estimate | In English | |
| QRI | Quick-Reaction Integration | In English | |
| QRIA | Quick-Reaction Integration Activity | In English | |
| QRS | Quick-Reaction Sortie | In English | |
| QRS | Qualification Review Sheet | In English | |
| QRS | Quartz Rate Sensor | In English | |
| QRSL | Quick-Reaction Space Laboratory | In English | → Research institutes → Spaceflight engineering, astronautics |
| QS | Quality System | In English | → Quality management |
| QSA | Qualification Site Approval | In English | |
| QSAE | Quality and Standards Authority of Ethiopia | In English | → Standardization |
| QSGVT | Quarter-Scale Ground Vibration Test | In English | |
| QSIM | Queuing Simulation | In English | |
| QSL | Qualified Source List | In English | |
| QSM | Quarter-Scale Model | In English | |
| QSRv | Quaternary Science Reviews | In English | → Serial publications, periodicals → Mathematics and natural sciences |
| QSS | Quindar Scanning System | In English | |
| QT | Qualification Test | In English | → Engineering, technology |
| QTP | Qualification Test Plan | In English | → Engineering, technology |
| QTP | Qualification Test Procedure | In English | → Engineering, technology |
| QTR | Qualification Test Report | In English | → Engineering, technology |
| QTV | Qualification Test Vehicle | In English | → Spaceflight engineering, astronautics |
| QUADS | Quality Achievement Data System | In English | → Quality management |
| QUAS | Quaternisation of Starch Producers Association | In English | → Associations → Chemical technology |
| QUES | Queueing Model For Message Dissemination | In English | |
| QUIC | Quality Data Information and Control | In English | → Quality management → Data |
| QUIC | Quality Information Control | In English | → Quality management |
| QUP | Quality Unit Pack | In English | → Quality management |
| QuRes | Quaternary Research | In English | → Serial publications, periodicals |
| QVT | Qualified Verification Testing | In English | → Engineering, technology |
| QVVT | Qualified Verification Vibration Testing | In English | |
| R | Arginine = R | Arginina | In Catalan = R | Arginin | In Czech = R | Arginin | In German = R | Arginina | In Spanish = R | Arginino | In Esperanto = R | Arginine | In French = R | 아르기닌 | In Korean = R | Arginin | In Croatian = R | Arginin | In Indonesian = R | Arginina | In Italian = R | ארגינין | In Hebrew = R | Arginīns | In Latvian = R | Arginin | In Letzeburgesh = R | Argininas | In Lithuanian = R | Arginine | In Dutch = R | アルギニン | In Japanese = R | آرګېنين | In Pashto = R | Arginina | In Polish = R | Arginina | In Portuguese = R | Аргинин | In Russian = R | Arginín | In Slovak = R | Arginiini | In Finnish = R | Arginin | In Swedish = R | Arginin | In Turkish = R | Аргінін | In Ukrainian = R | 精氨酸 | In Chinese |
In English | → Biochemistry, biophysics |
| R&CC | Recorder and Communication Control | In English | → Telecommunications |
| R&D | Research and Development = R&D | Recherche et développement | In French = F&E | Forschung und Entwicklung | In German = I+D | Investigación y Desarrollo | In Spanish = R&S | Ricerca e Sviluppo | In Italian = P&D | Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento | In Portuguese = O&O | Onderzoek en Ontwikkeling | In Dutch = FoU | Forsøk og Utvikling | In Norwegian |
In English | → Research policy → Engineering, technology |
| R&DO | Research and Development Operations | In English | → Research policy → Engineering, technology |
| R&E | Research and Engineering | In English | → Research policy → Engineering, technology |
| R&M | Reliability and Maintainability | In English | |
| R&P | Reserve and Process | In English | |
| R&PM | Research and Program Management | In English | → Research policy |
| R&QA | Reliability and Quality Assurance | In English | → Quality management |
| R&R | Remove and Replace | In English | |
| R&R | Rendezvous and Recovery | In English | |
| R&S | Reliability and Safety | In English | |
| R&T | Research and Technology | In English | → Research policy → Engineering, technology |
| R&Z | Range And Zero | In English | |
| R3S | Rapid Records Retrieval System | In English | → Knowledge management |
| RA | Radar Altimeter | In English | |
| RA | Range Area | In English | |
| RA | Right Aft | In English | |
| RA | Right Ascension | In English | |
| RA | Recognition Arrangement | In English | |
| RA | Religious of Assumption | In English | → Roman catholic church |
| RAAB | Remote Amplifier and Adaptation Box | In English | |
| RAAB | Remote Application and Advisory Box | In English | |
| RAAN | Right Ascension of Ascending Node | In English | |
| RABF | Radio Astronomy Bandstop Filter | In English | → Astronomy → Telecommunications |
| RAC | Reliability Action Center | In English | |
| RACC | Richmond Adult Community College (www.racc.ac.uk) | In English | → Education |
| RACC | Radio Advertising Clearance Centre | In English | → Telecommunications → 659 |
| RACC | Reading Area Community College (www.racc.edu) | In English | → Education |
| RACCS | Remote Automatic Checkout and Calibration System | In English | |
| RACF | Resource Access Control Facility | In English | → Software |
| RACS | Remote Automatic Calibration System | In English | |
| RACU | Remote Acquisition and Control Unit | In English | |
| RAD | Radiation Absorbed Dose | In English | |
| RAD | Research and Advanced Development | In English | → Research policy → Engineering, technology |
| RAD | Roentgen Absorbed Dosage | In English | |
| RADAR | (The) RAdiation Dose Assessment Resource | In English | |
| RADAR | RAdio Detection And Ranging | In English | → Telecommunications |
| RADC | Rome Air Development Center | In English | |
| RADCC | Radiation Control Center | In English | |
| RADIUS | Remote Authentication Dial In User Service | In English | → Telecommunications |
| RADOP | Radiator Optimization Computer Code | In English | → Software |
| RADVS | Radar Altimeter And Doppler Velocity Sensor | In English | |
| RAE | Radio Astronomy Explorer | In English | → Astronomy |
| RAE | Range, Azimuth, and Elevation | In English | → Astronomy |
| RAE | Royal Aerospace Establishment | In English | → Aeronautics, aircraft → Spaceflight engineering, astronautics |
| RaEE | Radio and Electronic Engineer | In English | → Serial publications, periodicals → Telecommunications → Electronics |
| RAF | Requirements Analysis Form | In English | |
| RAG | Reusable Agenda | In English | |
| RAG | Recombination Activating Gene | In English | → Genetics → Biochemistry, biophysics |
| RAI | Radar Altimeter Indicator | In English | → Aeronautics, aircraft → Spaceflight engineering, astronautics |
| RAI | Review Action Item | In English | |
| RAI | Roll Attitude Indicator | In English | |
| RAID | Regional Association for Irrigation and Drainage = ARID | Association Régionale pour l'Irrigation et le Drainage | In French |
In English | → Associations → 627 → Agricultural sciences |
| RAID | Redundant Array of Independent Disks | In English | → Memories |
| RAID | Redundant Array of Independant Disks | In English | → Memories |
| RAJ | Russian Association of Japanologists | In English | → Associations → Language, linguistics, literature → Geography, biography, history |
| RAJPO | Range Application Joint Program Office | In English | |
| RAL | Responsibility Assignment List | In English | |
| RAL | Research in African Literature | In English | → Serial publications, periodicals → 821 |
| RAL | Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory | In English | → Research institutes |
| RALPH | Reduction and Acquisition Of Lunar Pulse Heights | In English | → Astronomy → Spaceflight engineering, astronautics |
| RALT | Radar Altimeter | In English | → Aeronautics, aircraft → Spaceflight engineering, astronautics |
| RAM | Resource Allocation Manager | In English | |
| RAM | Responsibility Assignment Matrix | In English | |
| RAM | Research and Applications Module | In English | |
| RAM | Requirements Allocation Matrix | In English | |
| RAM | Reliability Assessment Model | In English | → Quality management |
| RAM | Radar Absorption Material | In English | |
| RAM | Random Access Memory | In English | → Memories |
| RAMAC | Random Access Method of Accounting And Control | In English | |
| RAMCS | Remote Automatic Measuring and Calibration System | In English | |
| RAMDAC | Random Access Memory Digital to Analog Converter | In English | → Memories |
| RAMP | Replenishment Activity Management Plan | In English | → Management |
| RAMPS | Resource Analysis and Mission Planning System | In English | → Management |
| RAN | Royal Australian Navy | In English | → 359 |
| RANC | Radar Absorption Noise and Clutter | In English | |
| RANK | Receptor Activator of NF-KappaB | In English | → Biochemistry, biophysics |
| RANN | Research Applied to National Needs | In English | → Research policy → Engineering, technology |
| RAP | Reliability Assurance Program | In English | → Quality management |
| RAP | Reserve Auxiliary Payload | In English | |
| RAP | Responsibility Accounting Program | In English | |
| RAP | Regional Action Programme | In English | |
| RAPCON | Radar Approach and Control | In English | → Aeronautics, aircraft → Spaceflight engineering, astronautics |
| RAPD | Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA | In English | |
| RAPP | Resource and Planning Program | In English | → Management |
| RAPRIA | Russian Federation Association for Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis | In English | → Organizations and associations → Graphical processing → Image processing |
| RAPS | Regulatory Affairs Professionals Society (www.raps.org) | In English | → Organizations and associations → Law, jurisprudence |
| RAR | Resource Accommodation Report | In English | → Management |
| RaRLJ | Radio Research Laboratories Journal | In English | → Serial publications, periodicals → Telecommunications |
| RaRLR | Radio Research Laboratories Review | In English | → Serial publications, periodicals → Telecommunications |
| RARP | Reverse Address Resolution Protocol | In English | → Internet |
| RAS | Royal Astronomical Society | In English | → Organizations and associations → Astronomy |
| RAS | Reacquisition Sensor | In English | |
| RAS | Remote Access Set | In English | |
| RAS | Requirements Accounting System | In English | |
| RAS | Requirements Allocation Sheet | In English | |
| RAS | Reuse All Systems | In English | |
| RAS-HKB | Royal Asiatic Society - Hong Kong Branch | In English | |
| RAS-KB | Royal Asiatic Society - Korea Branch | In English | |
| RAS-SL | Royal Asiatic Society of Sri Lanka | In English | |
| RaSc | Radio Science | In English | → Serial publications, periodicals → Telecommunications |
| RaScB | Radio Science Bulletin | In English | → Serial publications, periodicals → Telecommunications |
| RaScS | Radio Science Supplement | In English | → Serial publications, periodicals → Telecommunications |
| RASM | Remote Analog Submultiplexer | In English | → Electrical engineering |
| RASMUS | Remote Accessible Software configurable Multi-channel Ultrasound Sampling system | In English | → Software → Diagnostics |
| RATCC | Radar Air Traffic Control Center | In English | → Aeronautics, aircraft |
| RATO | Rocket-Assisted Takeoff | In English | → Spaceflight engineering, astronautics |
| RATS | Regional Antiterrorism Structure | In English | → Social sciences |
| RAU | Remote Acquisition Unit | In English | |
| RAU | Remote Access Unit | In English | |
| RAUIS | Remote Acquisition Unit Interconnecting Station | In English | |
| RAWA | Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan = راوا | جمعیت انقلابی زنان افغانستان | In Persian |
In English | → Associations → Feminism |
| RAWS | Role-Adaptable Weapons System | In English | → Military engineering |
| RAX | Remote Access Computing System | In English | → Hardware |
| RAX | Remote Access Terminal | In English | → Human-computer interaction |
| RAZEL | Range, Azimuth, and Elevation | In English | → Astronomy |
| RB | Radar Beacon | In English | |
| RB | Rubber Base | In English | |
| RBA | Recovery Beacon Antenna | In English | |
| RBA | Radar Beacon Antenna | In English | |
| RBC | Rotating Beam Ceilometer | In English | |
| RBC | Red Blood Cells | In English | → Blood and circulatory system |
| RBDE | Radar Bright Display Equipment | In English | |
| RBE | Radiation Biological Effectiveness | In English | → Biological sciences |
| RBF | Regional Blood Flow | In English | → Blood and circulatory system |
| RBMT | Retrospective Bibliographies on Magnetic Tape | In English | → Libraries |
| RBN | Radio Beacon | In English | |
| RC | Range Command | In English | |
| RC | Resistance-Capacitance | In English | → Electrical engineering |
| RC | Reinforced Concrete | In English | → Building |
| RC | Recurring Cost | In English | → Prices |
| RC | Recovery Controller | In English | |
| RC | Reaction Control | In English | |
| RC | Rate Command | In English | |
| RC | Rotation(al) Control | In English | |
| RC | Reverse Current | In English | |
| RC | Radio Command | In English | |
| RC | Radio Control | In English | |
| RCA | Remote Control Amplifier | In English | |
| RCA | Radio Corporation of America | In English | → Telecommunications |
| RCAG | Remote Center Air-Ground | In English | |
| RCAP | Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples = CRPA | Commission Royale sur les Peuples Autochtones | In French |
In English | → Politics |
| RCB | Remote Circuit Breaker | In English | → Electrical engineering |
| RCC | Reusable Carbon-Carbon | In English | |
| RCC | Regional Control Center | In English | |
| RCC | Redundancy Connection Control | In English | |
| RCC | Recovery Control Center | In English | |
| RCC | Range Control Center | In English | |
| RCC | Range Commanders' Council | In English | |
| RCC | Rough Combustion Cutoff | In English | → Vehicle engineering |
| RCC | Reinforced Carbon-Carbon | In English | |
| RCCA | Rough Combustion Cutoff Assembly | In English | → Vehicle engineering |
| RCCB | Remote Central Circuit Breaker | In English | → Electrical engineering |
| RCCB | Rockwell Configuration Control Board | In English | |
| RCCP | Recorder and Communications Control Panel | In English | → Telecommunications |
| RCD | Regional Cooperation for Development | In English | → Development |
| RCI | Request for Contract Investigation | In English | |
| RCJ | Congregation of the Rogationists of the Sacred Heart of Jesus | In English | → Roman catholic church |
| RCL | Reliability Control Level | In English | → Quality management |
| RCM | Reliability-Centered Maintenance | In English | → Quality management → Maintenance and logistics |
| RCN | Rockwell Communication Network | In English | → Telecommunications |